Graphite ni ibikoresho bidasanzwe kandi bidasanzwe bifite imiterere idasanzwe yubushyuhe bwumuriro.Ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa grafite bwiyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kandi nubushyuhe bwumuriro burashobora kugera kuri 1500-2000 W / (mK) mubushyuhe bwicyumba, bikubye inshuro 5 ibyo y'umuringa n'inshuro zirenga 10 z'icyuma cya aluminium.
Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bivuga ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gutwara ubushyuhe.Ipimwa ukurikije uburyo ubushyuhe bushobora kugenda vuba mubintu.Graphite, muburyo busanzwe bwa karubone, ifite kimwe mubishobora gukoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bizwi.Yerekana ubushyuhe budasanzwe bwumuriro mubyerekezo perpendicular kurwego rwayo, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byiza kubikorwa byinshi.
Imiterere ya Graphiteigizwe na layer ya atome ya karubone itondekanye muri latike ya mpande esheshatu.Muri buri cyiciro, atome ya karubone ifatanyirizwa hamwe nimbaraga zikomeye za covalent.Nyamara, isano iri hagati yinzego, izwi ku izina rya Van der Waals, irakomeye.Nuburyo bwa atome ya karubone muribi byiciro itanga grafite imiterere yihariye yubushyuhe bwumuriro.
Ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa grafite ahanini buterwa na karubone nyinshi hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwa kristu.Imiyoboro ya karubone-karubone muri buri cyiciro ituma ubushyuhe bwoherezwa mu buryo bworoshye mu ndege ya layer. Duhereye kuri formulaire ya chimique ya grafite, dushobora kumva imbaraga zintege nke zintera-layer zituma bishoboka ko fonone (ingufu za vibrasiya) zigenda byihuse unyuze muri kasike.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa grafite bwatumye bukoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye.
I: Gukora grafite electrode.
Graphite nimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byagukora grafite electrode, ifite ibyiza byo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, guhagarara neza kwimiti, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi, bityo ikoreshwa cyane mubyuma bya metallurgie, inganda zikora imiti, amashanyarazi nizindi nganda mugikorwa cya feri ya electrolytike nu mashanyarazi.
II: Graphite ikoreshwa mubijyanye na electronics.
Graphite ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gushyushya ubushyuhe kugirango ikwirakwize ubushyuhe butangwa nibikoresho bya elegitoronike nka tristoriste, imiyoboro ihuriweho, hamwe n’amashanyarazi.Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kohereza neza ubushyuhe kure yibi bikoresho bifasha kubungabunga umutekano kandi birinda ubushyuhe bwinshi.
III: grafite ikoreshwa mugukoraumusaraban'ibishushanyo byo guteramo ibyuma.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuriro butuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwizwa neza, butanga ubushyuhe bumwe nogukonjesha ibyuma.Ibi na byo, bitezimbere ubuziranenge no guhuza ibicuruzwa byanyuma.
IV: Graphite yumuriro ikoreshwa mubikorwa byindege.
Igishushanyo cya graphite gikoreshwa mukubaka indege nibigize icyogajuru.Ubushuhe budasanzwe bwo kohereza ibintu bya grafite bifasha mugucunga ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho mugihe cyoherejwe nikirere cyihuta.
V: Graphite ikoreshwa nk'amavuta mu nganda zitandukanye.
Bikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa byo gukora aho ubushyuhe bwinshi nigitutu kirimo, nka moteri yimodoka hamwe nimashini zikora ibyuma.Ubushobozi bwa grafite bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe ugabanya ubukana bituma uba amavuta meza kubikorwa nkibi.
VI: Graphite ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.
Bikunze gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bisanzwe byo gupima ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibindi bintu.Indangagaciro nziza yubushyuhe bwa grafite ikora nkibintu byo kugereranya no gusuzuma imiterere yubushyuhe bwibikoresho bitandukanye.
Mugusoza, grafite ya hydrata yumuriro ntisanzwe kubera imiterere yihariye ya kirisiti hamwe nibirimo byinshi bya karubone.Ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhererekanya neza ubushyuhe bwatumye iba ingenzi mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibyuma, ibyuma byo mu kirere, hamwe n’amavuta.Byongeye kandi, grafite ikora nkigipimo cyo gupima ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibindi bintu.Mugusobanukirwa no gukoresha bidasanzweimiterere ya grafite, turashobora gukomeza gushakisha porogaramu nshya niterambere murwego rwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe no gucunga ubushyuhe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-06-2023